NanobOx’s novel, patented, solid-state nanobubble technology enhances the bioavailability of oxygen to microbial, plant and animal cells and the efficiency, selectivity and control of water-based physical and chemical processes. It is proven to increase the rate of growth and yield of irrigated horticultural crops while substantially reducing fertiliser consumption and increasing water use efficiency. It also provides a chemical-free means of cleaning and sanitising water and water handling and storage systems reducing use of chemicals and labour cost.