Live Attenuated Intranasal Feline Core Vaccine for FPV, FCV, and FHV-1

Overview

This project develops a live-attenuated, intranasally administered vaccine covering the three core feline viruses: feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), feline calicivirus (FCV), and feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1). All three pathogens involve the nasal cavity during natural infection, making the nasal mucosa a highly relevant immunization site. The proposed formulation targets the key limitations of conventional parenteral (injectable) feline vaccines, which have been associated with an elevated risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats. By delivering the vaccine intranasally, the approach aims to induce mucosal immunity at the point of viral entry while reducing systemic exposure.

The vaccine is designed for practical field use, offering lower antigen requirements, reduced production cost, needle-free administration, and the potential for self-administration by pet owners or veterinary staff.

Technical specifications

• Target pathogens: FPV, FCV, and FHV-1, selected from prevalent strains available through the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC).
• Attenuation strategy: Temperature-sensitive attenuation methods designed to preserve immunogenicity while reducing virulence.
• Cell substrate: Crandell-Rees Feline Kidney (CRFK) cell cultures used for viral replication and propagation.
• Formulation: Liquid solution or suspension suitable for intranasal delivery, incorporating stabilizers for shelf-life and potency.
• Delivery system: Purpose-designed container and device closure to support accurate nasal dosing and product stability.
• Administration route: Intranasal, eliminating syringes and enabling easier, safer handling.

Technology readiness level

The project is at an early research and development stage (TRL 3–4). The proposed three-year roadmap begins with viral strain selection and replication in CRFK cells, followed by attenuation and formulation development in year two, and concludes with preclinical safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy evaluation in animal models (including cats) in year three. No validation results are available at this stage, and the technology has not yet entered clinical or regulatory assessment.