Multiplexed FET sensor platform for rapid bacterial detection and viability quantification

Overview

This solution is a multiplexed biosensing platform built on field-effect transistor (FET) technology for the fast, sensitive, and quantitative detection of bacteria. By measuring changes in electrical conductance caused by bacterial binding events on functionalized sensor surfaces, the platform can differentiate bacterial species, distinguish gram-negative from gram-positive organisms, and assess cell viability from a single small sample. The technology targets applications where rapid, on-site microbial identification is critical, including clinical diagnostics, food and water safety, pharmaceutical manufacturing quality control, and environmental monitoring.

Technical specifications

Core technology:

• FET sensor with a two-dimensional nanomaterial channel that translates surface binding events into measurable electrical signals
• Multichannel architecture (four channels per chip) enabling simultaneous detection of multiple targets from one sample
• Probe types and their roles:
  • Protein probes targeting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) to distinguish gram-negative from gram-positive bacteria
  • Antibody probes for species-specific identification (validated with anti-E. coli antibodies)
  • Aptamer probes that bind leaked DNA from non-viable cells to quantify microbial viability
• Gold nanoparticle-assisted covalent immobilization of receptors on the sensor surface to enhance capture efficiency
• Handheld prototype reader with a sample chamber and Bluetooth data transmission for wireless, quantitative readouts
• Key performance attributes: high sensitivity, rapid response time, low cost, quantitative output, and multichannel data acquisition

Validation to date: E. coli detected down to 10 CFU/mL using antibody-functionalized FET sensors.

Technology readiness level

The platform has been validated at the proof-of-concept level with E. coli detection at clinically relevant concentrations. Current and planned work focuses on extending the four-channel design to selectively detect R. pickettii in saline solutions, simultaneously reporting species presence, viability, and gram-classification. The system is being packaged into a handheld, Bluetooth-enabled prototype to support field and point-of-use testing. The technology is positioned for sponsored research collaborations, co-development partnerships, and pilot trials with industry partners interested in advancing the platform toward commercial deployment.