Optimized field application protocol for tequila vinasses to enhance soil quality and carbon sequestration

Overview

This research addresses the environmental challenges posed by the most common disposal method for tequila vinasses—uncontrolled soil application. By characterizing the physicochemical variability of vinasses produced across Jalisco and modeling their environmental implications, the project identifies field application as the management scenario with the lowest greenhouse gas emissions. The proposed work develops a scientifically validated, region-specific field application protocol that balances nutrient release with carbon sequestration and long-term soil health, offering the tequila industry a sustainable alternative to current disposal practices.

Technical specifications

Key features:

• Stratified sampling and physicochemical characterization of tequila vinasses across Jalisco, revealing significant compositional variability linked to production processes
• Mathematical modeling of greenhouse gas generation and nutrient release under different management scenarios
• Longitudinal field experiment with raw and neutralized vinasses applied at four different loads plus two controls on 60 m² plots
• Fortnightly application over one year with monthly soil sampling covering texture, water conductivity, water retention, bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, sodium adsorption ratio, organic matter, total organic carbon, total and organic nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, phytotoxicity, microbial respiration, and microbial characterization
• DNA sequencing technologies to model the long-term impact on the soil microbiome
• Predictive mathematical models to determine optimal dosage and application protocols for enhanced crop fertilization and environmental protection

Technology readiness level

The project builds on completed baseline work, including physicochemical characterization of vinasses from across Jalisco and initial mathematical modeling that identified field application as the lowest-emission management scenario. The proposed validation phase involves a one-year longitudinal field experiment with comprehensive monthly soil and microbiome monitoring. Upon completion, the resulting data and models will enable evidence-based recommendations for industry-scale adoption of optimized vinasses application protocols in tequila-producing regions.