Smart delivery of vitamins D and K using plant-derived extracellular vesicles

Overview

The proposed technology leverages the use of plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to deliver vitamins D and K in beverages, both in liquid and powdered forms. This approach aims to address the common under-consumption of these essential vitamins, which are crucial for bone health and reducing the risk of vascular calcification. By encapsulating vitamins D and K within EVs, the solution ensures enhanced bioavailability, stability, and a negligible impact on the sensory properties of the beverages.

Technical specifications

• Plant-derived EVs: Naturally occurring nanoscale vesicles sourced from fruit juices and plant residues.
• Encapsulation: Vitamins are encapsulated using techniques such as co-incubation and sonication, with an optimized ratio of 10 µg of vitamin D to 4 µg of vitamin K.
• Delivery medium: Formulated for both liquid and powdered beverages, maintaining vitamin stability against enzymatic degradation, pH variations, and light exposure.
• Bioavailability: Direct transfer into cells through fusion with cellular membranes, enhancing nutrient uptake.
• Sensory impact: Minimal impact on taste, texture, and appearance due to the small size and natural origin of EVs.
• Sources: EVs derived from apple residues and other fruit pomaces using tangential flow filtration.

Technology readiness level

The technology is currently at TRL 5, indicating that it has been validated in a relevant environment. Preliminary data support the use of apple-derived EVs, and further development includes isolating EVs from various plant sources for optimized vitamin delivery. Stability and sensory impact are being assessed to ensure product viability for commercial applications.