Entomopathogenic fungal chitinases for biological control of insect pests in agricultural crops
A biological pest control approach leveraging chitinase enzymes from entomopathogenic fungi to penetrate insect cuticles and manage pest populations in agricultural settings, offering a targeted alternative to broad-spectrum chemical pesticides.
Overview
This research explores the use of chitinase enzymes produced by entomopathogenic fungi as a biological control method for insect pests affecting agricultural crops. Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes that break down chitin, a key structural component of insect cuticles. By deploying fungi that naturally produce these enzymes, the approach aims to penetrate the protective outer layer of insect pests, leading to infection and population suppression. The technology targets specific pest species while minimizing impact on non-target organisms, offering a more sustainable alternative to conventional chemical pesticides.
Technical specifications
- Enzyme-based mechanism: Chitinases catalyze the hydrolysis of chitin, disrupting the structural integrity of insect cuticles
- Fungal delivery system: Entomopathogenic fungi serve as the vehicle for producing and delivering chitinases directly to pest targets
- Targeted action: The biological control agent focuses on specific insect pests, reducing collateral effects on beneficial insects and the surrounding ecosystem
- Prolonged residue: The fungal-based approach may provide extended persistence in the agricultural environment compared to conventional spray applications
- Applications: Suitable for integration into integrated pest management (IPM) programs across a range of agricultural crops
Technology readiness level
This research is at an early stage, focused on understanding the mechanisms of action of entomopathogenic fungal chitinases and their effectiveness against agricultural insect pests. Further validation is needed through controlled laboratory assays and field trials to confirm efficacy, host specificity, and practical application methods under real agricultural conditions.
About Universiti Putra Malaysia
Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) is a comprehensive public research university in Serdang, Greater Kuala Lumpur, with a campus that integrates classroom, laboratory, and field-testing environments. Companies engage through co-located labs, on-campus testbeds, and university-run farms that enable prototyping and trials close to production supply chains. Health system integration and proximity to Putrajaya’s ministries and the Cyberjaya tech corridor facilitate collaboration and timely access to partners. Research is supported by competitive funding from Malaysia’s Ministry of Higher Education, the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, and international sponsors. A dedicated technology transfer office manages IP, licensing, and startup support, connecting companies with faculty expertise and specialized facilities.
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