Hydrothermal liquefaction of screen rejects into bio-oil, biochar and water.
In marketUniversity
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Updated Sept 23, 2026
Waste-to-energy conversion covers turning a waste stream into fuel or power. On Halo, the solutions cover recycling rejects into fuel, pectin residues into energy, anaerobic and biological routes, and solid fuel pellets. Every solution comes from the team that developed it, so you can reach the people behind the work directly. Sign up to search the full network and post your specific need.
Recycling rejects into fuel
North Carolina State University
Supercritical CO2 drying, so the rejects can be converted at all.
In developmentUniversity
Solar pyrolysis turning the same rejects into a fuel.
In developmentUniversity
FA
Utah State University
Catalytic conversion of recycling residues into low carbon fuels.
In developmentUniversity
Tecnológico de Monterrey
Pyrolysis producing both fuels and chemical precursors.
ConceptualUniversity
University of Massachusetts Lowell
Hydrothermal liquefaction of paper mill waste into fuels and chemicals.
ConceptualUniversity
MF
Washington University in St. Louis
The same route aimed specifically at a boiler liquid fuel.
ConceptualUniversity
National Institute of Chemistry (Kemijski inštitut)
Thermovalorization giving hydrogen, biochar and fillers together.
ConceptualUniversity
AC
Hydrothermal processing of screen rejects, with no incineration involved.
In developmentSupplier
Graphene Integrations
Cutting the landfill fraction left after recycling corrugated board.
In marketSupplier
Pectin residues into energy
JK
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Catalytic hydrothermal processing straight to hydrogen and methane-rich gas.
Sponsored researchIn developmentUniversity
KH
University of British Columbia
Hydrothermal liquefaction of wet citrus peel, with no drying step.
Sponsored researchIn developmentUniversity
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Who is working on waste-to-energy conversion
Organizations in waste-to-energy conversion
Universities, startups, and suppliers with solutions in waste-to-energy conversion.
Waste to energy organizations
Innovators in waste-to-energy conversion
Researchers and inventors advancing waste to energy solutions.
Waste to energy expertsAbout waste-to-energy conversion
Two feedstocks account for the work on Halo. Recycling screen rejects, the fraction left after old corrugated containers are pulped, are attacked by ten entries through hydrothermal liquefaction, pyrolysis and torrefaction. Wet pectin residues are attacked by six more, every one of them avoiding a drying step. On Halo it spans four groups, including recycling rejects into fuel, pectin residues into energy, and anaerobic and biological routes.
Stage of development. Work on waste-to-energy conversion on Halo comes mostly from university programs. 40% of the solutions are in market. Co-development and sponsored research are the usual partnering routes, and about 31% of the solutions that state terms offer licensing.
Three trends in waste to energy solutions on Halo
Ten entries on one paper mill reject. Screen rejects from old corrugated container recycling, the fraction too contaminated to pulp again, drew ten entries: hydrothermal liquefaction four times, pyrolysis three, supercritical CO2 drying, thermovalorization, and torrefaction. It is a large, consistent, currently landfilled stream with a mill willing to pay to stop landfilling it.
Wet feedstock, and nobody wants to dry it. Six entries convert pectin residues and each states that drying is avoided: hydrothermal liquefaction at the moisture it arrives with, hydrothermal carbonization, catalytic processing to fuel gas, and co-digestion buffered with manure. Drying a wet residue consumes more energy than the residue contains, which is the whole economic argument.
The output is chosen by who is nearby. Boiler liquid fuel for the mill that made the waste, hydrochar pellets for an existing solid fuel plant, biogas where a digester exists, hydrogen and methane-rich gas, jet fuel from contaminated distillers grains. Waste to energy is a logistics problem, and every entry picks the product its neighbor can already burn.
262organizations
265solutions listed
73%from university labs
40%in market
Frequently asked questions
What are waste to energy solutions?
Waste-to-energy conversion covers turning a waste stream into fuel or power. It spans thermochemical conversion of recycling rejects into bio-oil and boiler fuel, pectin and agricultural residues converted into gas, biocrude or pellets, anaerobic and biological routes, and solid fuel pellets made from mill waste. Waste processors, paper mills and energy producers are the buyers.
What are examples of waste to energy solutions?
Four examples of waste to energy solutions on Halo include:
- Hydrothermal liquefaction of screen rejects into bio-oil, biochar and water. (Queen's University)
- Catalytic hydrothermal processing straight to hydrogen and methane-rich gas. (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign)
- Anaerobic digestion of biodegradable film into volatile fatty acids. (Michigan State University)
- Torrefied pellets made from paper mill waste that cannot be recycled. (Convergen Energy WI LLC)
What are the latest waste to energy innovations?
The most recently updated waste to energy solutions on Halo include:
Which companies and suppliers are developing waste to energy solutions?
There are 262 organizations with waste to energy solutions on Halo, 42 of them universities and research institutions. Among them are Queen's University, North Carolina State University, and Itesm. Most offer co-development or sponsored research. Sign up to see every organization working in the area and to send them your specific need.
How do I find waste to energy research partners?
Browsing waste to energy solutions on Halo is free. Sign up to search the full network and save the ones you want. Post your specific need to get exact matches. Organizations reply directly on the platform.
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